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How a Wood Burning Stove Works

Wood-burning stoves can be an excellent addition to any home. They should only be used with wood that has been properly seasoned.

Older stoves with no secondary combustion admitted air over and below the fuel - this resulted in energy loss, chimney tarring and atmospheric pollution.

Modern wood stoves use superior combustion methods that separates the air supply into two phases. This lets them increase the efficiency of their heating systems while also producing lower emissions levels.

Efficient Combustion

The efficiency of combustion in your wood stove is a measure of the speed at which your wood is converted into heat. It differs from the efficiency of heating transfer, which is the amount of heat that is transferred from your stove into a room. A wood-burning stove with high efficiency and combustion will use less fuel and produce less waste, such as carbon monoxide and steam.

Modern wood stoves generally have high efficiency in combustion because they feature sophisticated design features that allow them to maximize the burning and make use of less wood. They also have low emissions and are especially effective with EPA certified stoves, which require a special catalytic combustor to clean exhaust gases as they leave the stove. These cleaner stoves are a great choice for homeowners who want to minimize their impact on the surroundings, while still enjoying the warmth and convenience of a wood burning stove.

A proper operation and maintenance routine can improve the efficiency of your stove. The most important factor is to ensure the combustion process is controlled, which can be achieved by ensuring a steady fire in the stove by frequent additions of small pieces of wood regularly. This will prevent the buildup of flammable creosote in the chimney, which can make the stove less efficient.

Another key element in the effectiveness of wood stoves is to use properly dried and seasoned firewood with less than 20 percent. Dry and seasoned firewood will not only generate more heat from the same fuel, but will also cause less smoke and air pollution.

The Environmental Protection Agency has established guidelines that limit the amount of smoke and other pollutants that a new stove can emit within an hour. To meet the EPA guidelines, the majority of modern wood stoves use a secondary combustion process or catalytic combustor to regulate combustion and limit the amount of pollutants they emit. To find a wood stove that meets the EPA emission standards, choose one that has an EPA certification sticker and a smoke emission level below 4 grams per hour.

Catalytic Combustion

Catalytic woodstoves make use of a ceramic honeycomb combustor that is coated with noble metals, such as platin or palladium. The combustor is similar to the catalyst in your car that cleans the exhaust. When smoke passes through the combustor, at high temperatures, noble metals react with the particulates and chemical compounds in the smoke, breaking them down to harmless end products such as carbon dioxide and water.

This lets the stove burn cleaner and produce less emissions than non-catalytic models, but without losing efficiency or heat output. The combustor performs best when the flue gas temperature is at or above 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit. The combustor will not work properly if the flame is burned in a low-flame.

Burning foreign substances, such as paper logs, treated or painted wood, can damage the combustor. The burning of these materials could cause "masking" that covers the combustor cells with a substance that stops it from working as intended. The cause of this is closing the bypass damper too fast or refueling using wet wood. If the combustor cells aren't regularly cleaned of creosote fly-ash and tar, plugging could occur, causing smoke to leak out.

The combustor, if properly installed and operated it will last for years of reliable operation. It will require very little maintenance other than getting rid of the soot on its surface after a prolonged burn and periodically dusting it off with a dry, soft bristled brush.

The combustor is equipped with a bypass damper that can be opened to ignite an ignition and closed to reload the stove. Inspect the bypass for the "operate catalyst" indicator, which will indicate that your combustor is operating within its optimal temperature range. The bypass damper being opened too soon will decrease the operating range of the combustor. If you close the bypass damper too early will reduce the inlet temperature to the combustor and may damage it. If you're not sure how to operate the bypass damper, refer to the instruction manual for your stove or contact our customer service department for assistance.

Airflow Controls

The controls for air flow in your wood stove are crucial in ensuring that your fire burns properly and safely. The primary, secondary and tertiary systems all work together to ensure that your fire burns efficiently. Each of these systems plays a distinct part in the combustion process.

The primary air control, located below or inside your stove's door controls the amount of air allowed into the firebox. More air will ignite the fire faster, but it can also increase the chance of smoke and creosote. Ideally, the air control should be open for a brief period prior to lighting your wood stove.

After the fire has developed enough heat, the main air control can be shut down gradually until you are satisfied with the amount of heat being produced. It is crucial to ensure that there isn't any smoke is emitted from the chimney or stove since it is a sign of poor combustion.

Secondary airflow controls are utilized to inject oxygen into the stove's top, usually in the form air jets placed above your fire. This is the most crucial aspect of managing your fire. Without it the fire will burn too quickly and create large quantities of smoke.

Tertiary airflow is the final stage of the stove's airflow system. It is directed into the updraft section or chimney. This creates a strong draft in the flue, which allows your fire to function optimally.

It is important to note that your wood stove was designed and optimised for burning firewood only. Any other type of combustible will not burn properly in your wood stove and could result in high levels emissions and potentially chimney fires. The most efficient type of fuel to use is seasoned hardwood that has been dried for at least six months, although softwood works just as well. Avoid using manmade combustibles like cardboard and paper, since they can produce toxic fumes and the build-up of ash or creosote within your stove. You should also avoid placing logs or any other combustibles on your electric fire stove as they can explode.

Safety

Wood-burning stoves can be an affordable alternative to heating particularly if you live in a location that has frequent power outages. However, they can be risky if they are used in a way that is not properly. They can release harmful chemicals that could affect your health. They can also cause a fire hazard as well as carbon monoxide poisoning. Fortunately, you can avoid these dangers by taking simple safety guidelines.

Make sure to use only clean, dry firewood for your stove. Never make use of gasoline, kerosene or charcoal starter fluid to ignite or ignite fires. Never burn treated wood burning stoves near me, painted wood or wet wood. Keep the flue open to allow plenty of oxygen to enter. Add wood in small amounts and do not let the fire burn to ashes. If you're in a smoke-control room, never use an indoor fire.

Make sure your chimney and stove are correctly installed. A poorly constructed wood stove could cause a chimney fire that can release toxic gases into your home. It is also essential to ensure that the chimney is swept and checked regularly. Check that the flue isn't leaky, which could cause carbon monoxide poisoning.

Store your wood in a shed, or under a sheet of tarp. This will allow the wood to get seasoned and dry faster. You should also keep the firewood out of other sources of heat to decrease the chance of fire. It's also a good idea to set your stove on a non-flammable area, like tiles on the floor.

You must be sure to supervise your children around the stove if you have young ones. They might try to play with the hot ash or touch the flame which can be hazardous. In addition, you should keep all flammable items at least three feet away from the stove. Consider installing a heat shield to protect surfaces and walls from damage. It's also an excellent idea to have your family practice fire drills at home. This will make it easier to get out of your home in an emergency. For more tips on keeping your home safe take a look at our article on fire escape routes in the event of a home fire.